Articles
Buchanan, Michael. “ London Bombs Cost Just Hundreds.” BBC Online. January
3, 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4576346.stm.
“Bundestagwahl im Visier von al-Qaieda.” Die Welt, July 5, 2009, p. 4.
Comas, Victor. “Al Qaeda Financing and Funding to Affi liate Groups.” Strategic
Insights 4, no. 1 ( January 2005). http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/si/2005/Jan/
comrasJan05.asp.
“ The CIA’s Intervention in Afghanistan.” Le Nouvel Observateur. Paris, January
15– 21, 1998. http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/ BRZ110A.html.
Starkey, Jerome. “Drugs for Guns: How the Afghan Heroin Trade is Fuelling the
Taliban insurgency.” The Independent (UK). April 29, 2008. http://www.
independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/drugs-for-guns-how-the-afghan-her
oin-trade-is-fuelling-the-taliban-insurgency-817230.html.
“World’s Poor Drive Growth in Global Cellphone Use.” USA Today, March 2,
2009. http:// www.usatoday.com/ tech/news/ 2009-03-02-un-digital_N.htm.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 147
Web Sources
Deobandism, Global Security. http://www.globalsecurity.org /military/ intro/
islam-deobandi.htm. This site explains a principal sect of Islamism in
South Asia.
Haykel, Bernard. “Radical Salafi sm: Osama’s Ideology.” 2001. http://muslimcanada.
org/binladendawn.html#copyrightauthor. The author teaches
Islamic Law at New York University.
Internet World Status. http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm. The site
provides excellent world demographic data.
MIPT Terrorism Data Base. http://www.terrorisminfo.mipt.org/incidentcalendar.
asp. This site provides the most comprehensive database of terrorist incidents
available.
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. “Spiritual Signifi cance of Jihad.” http://www.islamicity.
com/articles/Articles.asp?ref=IC0407-2391. Nasr, a professor of Islamic
Studies at George Washington University, provides a succinct, useful
explanation that dispels myths about jihad.
Pew Charitable Trust. Global Attitudes Survey. 2004. http://pewglobal.org/re
ports/display.php?ReportID=206. The annual global attitudes survey provides
a wealth of information on trends, beliefs, and ideas around the
world.
“Saudi Arabia: A Brief History.” http://www.mideastweb.org/arabiahistory.
htm. The Mideastweb provides useful information and sources on a wide
range of topics relevant to the Middle East.
“Soviet War in Afghanistan.” http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/ Soviet_
war_in_Afghanistan. The site provides some useful background information.
This page intentionally left blank
Abdul Aziz University, 9, 38, 110
Abu-Hafs al-Misri Brigades, 98 – 99
Afghan Arabs, 40 – 44, 47, 51, 56, 70,
71, 74, 110
Afghan Civil War, 44 – 45, 73
Afghanistan, 20, 35, 45, 79, 85, 93, 99,
105; Kabul, 44, 95; Kandahar, 95;
Soviet invasion, 20; Tora Bora, 95,
96; U.S. invasion, 94, 102; war against
the Soviets, 36 – 44, 69, 110, 114
Afghan Services Office, 39 – 40, 41, 54
Ahmadzi, Ahmad Shah (acting Afghan
prime minister), 47
Al Jazeera television, 92, 98
Al-Jihad (Egyptian terrorist group), 53, 114
Al-Qaeda, 51 – 65, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 84,
86, 87, 93, 96, 100 – 101, 111, 114;
attacks, 85 – 86, 98 – 101; bin Laden’s
role, 62 – 63; continuing threat, 105 – 7;
founding, 54 – 55, 110; funding and
financing, 61 – 62; ideological movement,
59 – 61; in Iraq, 114; in the
Maghreb, 106; network, 58 – 61, 97;
organization, 55 – 58; strategy, 97
Al Thaghr Model School, 9
Arabian-American Oil Company
(ARAMCO), 4
Azzam, Abdullah, 13, 37 – 40, 51 – 54,
110; murder of, 53
Bali, Indonesia bombings, 98
Banna, Hasan al-, 27 – 28
Bashir, Omar al- (President of Sudan), 74
Batarfi, Khalid (boyhood friend of
Osama bin Laden), 6, 8, 13, 31
Bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud, Fahd (King of
Saudi Arabia), 20
Bin Baz, Abdul Aziz (Mufti of Saudi
Arabia), 80
Bin Faisal al Saud, Prince Turki (Head
of Saudi Intelligence), 72, 73
Bin Laden, Bakr, 4, 79
Bin Laden, Mohammed, 3 – 4, 5, 6, 7,
31, 113, 114
INDEX
150 INDEX
Bin Laden, Osama, 1 – 3; in Afghanistan,
35 – 48, 81; assassination attempt, 79;
attitude toward Israel, 19, 71; attitude
toward United States, 71; birth, 5;
character and personality, 12; childhood,
7 – 8; children, 11; education, 5,
8 – 9; exile, 73 – 76; family, 6 – 7; family
of origin, 31; fatwa against Jews and
Crusaders, 81; hobbies and interests,
13 – 14; leadership of al-Qaeda, 62 – 65;
myth of, 46 – 48, 86 – 87, 112; peace
offer to the United States, 104; reaction
to 9/11, 92; religious beliefs,
17 – 18; Saudi citizenship, 80; in Sudan,
10 – 12, 74 – 76, 110, 114; work, 9 – 10;
worldview, 31 – 32, 81, 109, 113
Bin Laden, Salim, 4, 6, 7, 10
Bin Laden family, 3 – 4
Binladen Group, 4, 42, 74
Bin Sultan, Prince Bandar (Saudi
Ambassador to the United States,
1983 – 2005), 13
Bosnia, 70, 74
Brezinski, Zbigniew (U.S. National Security
Advisor), 36
Bush, George W. (U.S. President), 60,
96, 107
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 40,
79, 94, 101, 102
Chechnya, 70, 74
Cheney, Dick (U.S. Vice President), 96
Clinton, William (U.S. President), 93
Cold War, 69, 72
Darussalam, Tanzania: bombing of U.S.
embassy, 57, 59, 85
Director of National Intelligence, 101
Egypt, 70, 75, 76, 82
Farouk, King of Egypt, 27
Fatwa Against Jews and Crusaders, 81 – 85
Federal Bureau of Investigation, 101
Ghanem, Alia (mother of Osama bin
Laden), 5
Ghanem, Najawa (first wife of Osama
bin Laden), 10
Global Jihad, 97 – 98
Global War on Terrorism (GWOT),
96, 106
Grand Mosque, Mecca, 4, 23;
siege, 20
Gulf War, 72 – 73, 82, 110
Hekmatyar, Gullbuddin (Afghan insurgent
commander), 42, 47
Hussein, Saddam, 72, 111
Ibn-Saud, Abdul Aziz (King of Saudi
Arabia), 2 – 3, 27
Ibn-Taymmiyyah, Taqi ad-Din Ahmad,
26 – 27
Ikwhan, 3
International Stabilization Force (ISAF,
Afghanistan), 96
Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate
(ISI Pakistan), 36, 102
Iranian Revolution, 20
Iraq, 82, 84, 99
Iraq War, 103, 114
Islam, 4, 21 – 24; Deobandism, 45; five
pillars, 21 – 23; Hadiths, 23; jihad,
25– 26; Salafism, 26– 27; sharia (Islamic
law), 4, 24; Shi’a, 24 – 25; Sunni,
24 – 25; ulema, 24; Wahhabism, 26 – 27,
113
Islamic Awakening, 29 – 30, 75
Islamic Jihad (Egyptian terrorist group),
29, 55
Islamism, 3, 27, 29, 58, 113
Israel, 18, 19, 71, 82, 85
Istanbul, Turkey bombings, 98
Jemaah Islamiya (Indonesian terrorist
organization), 98
Jerusalem, 18
Jihadist Salafism, 32
INDEX 151
Ka’ba, 20, 23
Kashmir, 70
Khalifa, Jamal (university friend of
Osama bin Laden), 29, 38
Khan, Mohammed Saddique, 101
Khashoggi, Jamal, 32
Khomeni, Ayatollah Rhollah Musavi, 20
Kuwait, 72, 73; Iraqi invasion, 72
London bombings, 59, 99 – 100
Madrasas, 45
Madrid bombings, 59, 99
Massoud, Ahmad Shah (Afghan insurgent
commander, leader of Northern
Alliance), 43
Middle East, 18, 19, 75, 82
MI5 (British domestic intelligence service),
102
Mohammed, Khalid Sheikh, 87 – 88,
95, 102
Mohammed, the Prophet, 21, 24 – 25,
26, 83
Mosque of Omar (Dome of the Rock), 18
Moussaoui, Zacarias, 111
Mubarak, Hosni (Egyptian President), 55
Mujahedeen, 37, 54, 73, 93, 104, 110
Muslim Brotherhood, 9, 27 – 29, 30, 53, 113
Nairobi, Kenya: U.S. Embassy bombing,
59, 85
Nasser, Gamal Abdul (Egyptian President),
27, 28, 29
New Islamic Discourse. See Islamic
Awakening
9/11 attacks, 87 – 88
9/11 Commission, 87
Northern Alliance, 93 – 94
Obama, Barak (U.S. President), 105 – 7
Omar, Mullah Mohammed (Taliban
leader), 45, 46, 81, 95, 109
Operation Anaconda, 95
Operation Enduring Freedom, 93 – 97
Pakistan, 36, 38, 42, 45, 54, 58, 70, 73,
74, 105, 114; Federally Administered
Tribal Area, 95
Palestine, 19, 82, 93, 95, 99
Palestinians, 18, 19
Pashtun, 44, 45
Qu’ran, 21, 22, 24, 26, 45
Qutb, Mohammed, 9, 13, 29, 110
Qutb, Sayyid, 9, 13, 28 – 29, 110, 113
Rahman, Sheik Omar Abdul (“Blind
Sheik”), 78
Rumsfeld, Donald (U.S. Secretary of
Defense), 96
Sadat, Anwar (Egyptian President):
assassination, 113
Saudi Arabia, 1, 2 – 3, 8, 12, 18, 27,
29 – 30, 47, 52, 70, 71, 73, 79, 82, 93;
Jeddah, 2, 3; Mecca, 2, 23; Medina, 2,
23; Riyadh, 2
Six-Day War, 18, 30
Somalia, 43, 44, 71, 78, 93, 106
South Yemen, 71 – 72
Soviet Union, 69, 70
Sudan, 58, 74, 77, 79, 80, 85; Khartoum,
75
Suez crisis, 18
Tajik, 44
Taliban, 24, 45 – 46, 81, 93, 94, 96
Turabi, Hasan, 74, 76
United Kingdom, 100
United Nations Security Council, 80
United States, 70, 80, 82, 85, 86, 93,
100, 102, 103, 106, 110
U.S. Special Forces Command, 94
USS Cole bombing, 86
Wahhab, Mohammed Ibn Abd al-, 27
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD),
97 – 98
152 INDEX
World Islamic Front, 58, 84
World Trade Center: 9/11 attacks,
87 – 88, 91; 1993 bombing, 78, 91
Yom Kippur War, 19
Yousef, Ramsey, 77 – 78
Yugoslavia, 70
Zarqawi, Abu Musab al-, 114
Zawahiri, Ayman al-, 13, 29, 54, 76 – 77,
83, 100, 112, 113, 114; reaction to
9/11 attacks, 92 – 93
About the Author
THOMAS R. MOCKAITIS is Professor of History at DePaul University
in Chicago, Illinois. He earned his B.A. in History from Allegheny
College and his M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin—
Madison. He has written numerous books and articles on terrorism and
counterinsurgency, most recently The “New” Terrorism: Myths and Reality
(Praeger, 2008) and Iraq and the Challenge of Counterinsurgency (Praeger,
2008). His fi rst book, British Counterinsurgency, 1919–1960 (Macmillan,
1990) won the Templer Medal for the best work on British Military History.
He team-teaches counterterrorism courses around the world for the
Center for Civil-Military Relations of the Naval Postgraduate School.
Dr. Mockaitis is a frequent media commentator on terrorism.
Buchanan, Michael. “ London Bombs Cost Just Hundreds.” BBC Online. January
3, 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4576346.stm.
“Bundestagwahl im Visier von al-Qaieda.” Die Welt, July 5, 2009, p. 4.
Comas, Victor. “Al Qaeda Financing and Funding to Affi liate Groups.” Strategic
Insights 4, no. 1 ( January 2005). http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/si/2005/Jan/
comrasJan05.asp.
“ The CIA’s Intervention in Afghanistan.” Le Nouvel Observateur. Paris, January
15– 21, 1998. http://www.globalresearch.ca/articles/ BRZ110A.html.
Starkey, Jerome. “Drugs for Guns: How the Afghan Heroin Trade is Fuelling the
Taliban insurgency.” The Independent (UK). April 29, 2008. http://www.
independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/drugs-for-guns-how-the-afghan-her
oin-trade-is-fuelling-the-taliban-insurgency-817230.html.
“World’s Poor Drive Growth in Global Cellphone Use.” USA Today, March 2,
2009. http:// www.usatoday.com/ tech/news/ 2009-03-02-un-digital_N.htm.
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 147
Web Sources
Deobandism, Global Security. http://www.globalsecurity.org /military/ intro/
islam-deobandi.htm. This site explains a principal sect of Islamism in
South Asia.
Haykel, Bernard. “Radical Salafi sm: Osama’s Ideology.” 2001. http://muslimcanada.
org/binladendawn.html#copyrightauthor. The author teaches
Islamic Law at New York University.
Internet World Status. http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm. The site
provides excellent world demographic data.
MIPT Terrorism Data Base. http://www.terrorisminfo.mipt.org/incidentcalendar.
asp. This site provides the most comprehensive database of terrorist incidents
available.
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. “Spiritual Signifi cance of Jihad.” http://www.islamicity.
com/articles/Articles.asp?ref=IC0407-2391. Nasr, a professor of Islamic
Studies at George Washington University, provides a succinct, useful
explanation that dispels myths about jihad.
Pew Charitable Trust. Global Attitudes Survey. 2004. http://pewglobal.org/re
ports/display.php?ReportID=206. The annual global attitudes survey provides
a wealth of information on trends, beliefs, and ideas around the
world.
“Saudi Arabia: A Brief History.” http://www.mideastweb.org/arabiahistory.
htm. The Mideastweb provides useful information and sources on a wide
range of topics relevant to the Middle East.
“Soviet War in Afghanistan.” http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/ Soviet_
war_in_Afghanistan. The site provides some useful background information.
This page intentionally left blank
Abdul Aziz University, 9, 38, 110
Abu-Hafs al-Misri Brigades, 98 – 99
Afghan Arabs, 40 – 44, 47, 51, 56, 70,
71, 74, 110
Afghan Civil War, 44 – 45, 73
Afghanistan, 20, 35, 45, 79, 85, 93, 99,
105; Kabul, 44, 95; Kandahar, 95;
Soviet invasion, 20; Tora Bora, 95,
96; U.S. invasion, 94, 102; war against
the Soviets, 36 – 44, 69, 110, 114
Afghan Services Office, 39 – 40, 41, 54
Ahmadzi, Ahmad Shah (acting Afghan
prime minister), 47
Al Jazeera television, 92, 98
Al-Jihad (Egyptian terrorist group), 53, 114
Al-Qaeda, 51 – 65, 74, 75, 76, 78, 79, 84,
86, 87, 93, 96, 100 – 101, 111, 114;
attacks, 85 – 86, 98 – 101; bin Laden’s
role, 62 – 63; continuing threat, 105 – 7;
founding, 54 – 55, 110; funding and
financing, 61 – 62; ideological movement,
59 – 61; in Iraq, 114; in the
Maghreb, 106; network, 58 – 61, 97;
organization, 55 – 58; strategy, 97
Al Thaghr Model School, 9
Arabian-American Oil Company
(ARAMCO), 4
Azzam, Abdullah, 13, 37 – 40, 51 – 54,
110; murder of, 53
Bali, Indonesia bombings, 98
Banna, Hasan al-, 27 – 28
Bashir, Omar al- (President of Sudan), 74
Batarfi, Khalid (boyhood friend of
Osama bin Laden), 6, 8, 13, 31
Bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud, Fahd (King of
Saudi Arabia), 20
Bin Baz, Abdul Aziz (Mufti of Saudi
Arabia), 80
Bin Faisal al Saud, Prince Turki (Head
of Saudi Intelligence), 72, 73
Bin Laden, Bakr, 4, 79
Bin Laden, Mohammed, 3 – 4, 5, 6, 7,
31, 113, 114
INDEX
150 INDEX
Bin Laden, Osama, 1 – 3; in Afghanistan,
35 – 48, 81; assassination attempt, 79;
attitude toward Israel, 19, 71; attitude
toward United States, 71; birth, 5;
character and personality, 12; childhood,
7 – 8; children, 11; education, 5,
8 – 9; exile, 73 – 76; family, 6 – 7; family
of origin, 31; fatwa against Jews and
Crusaders, 81; hobbies and interests,
13 – 14; leadership of al-Qaeda, 62 – 65;
myth of, 46 – 48, 86 – 87, 112; peace
offer to the United States, 104; reaction
to 9/11, 92; religious beliefs,
17 – 18; Saudi citizenship, 80; in Sudan,
10 – 12, 74 – 76, 110, 114; work, 9 – 10;
worldview, 31 – 32, 81, 109, 113
Bin Laden, Salim, 4, 6, 7, 10
Bin Laden family, 3 – 4
Binladen Group, 4, 42, 74
Bin Sultan, Prince Bandar (Saudi
Ambassador to the United States,
1983 – 2005), 13
Bosnia, 70, 74
Brezinski, Zbigniew (U.S. National Security
Advisor), 36
Bush, George W. (U.S. President), 60,
96, 107
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 40,
79, 94, 101, 102
Chechnya, 70, 74
Cheney, Dick (U.S. Vice President), 96
Clinton, William (U.S. President), 93
Cold War, 69, 72
Darussalam, Tanzania: bombing of U.S.
embassy, 57, 59, 85
Director of National Intelligence, 101
Egypt, 70, 75, 76, 82
Farouk, King of Egypt, 27
Fatwa Against Jews and Crusaders, 81 – 85
Federal Bureau of Investigation, 101
Ghanem, Alia (mother of Osama bin
Laden), 5
Ghanem, Najawa (first wife of Osama
bin Laden), 10
Global Jihad, 97 – 98
Global War on Terrorism (GWOT),
96, 106
Grand Mosque, Mecca, 4, 23;
siege, 20
Gulf War, 72 – 73, 82, 110
Hekmatyar, Gullbuddin (Afghan insurgent
commander), 42, 47
Hussein, Saddam, 72, 111
Ibn-Saud, Abdul Aziz (King of Saudi
Arabia), 2 – 3, 27
Ibn-Taymmiyyah, Taqi ad-Din Ahmad,
26 – 27
Ikwhan, 3
International Stabilization Force (ISAF,
Afghanistan), 96
Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate
(ISI Pakistan), 36, 102
Iranian Revolution, 20
Iraq, 82, 84, 99
Iraq War, 103, 114
Islam, 4, 21 – 24; Deobandism, 45; five
pillars, 21 – 23; Hadiths, 23; jihad,
25– 26; Salafism, 26– 27; sharia (Islamic
law), 4, 24; Shi’a, 24 – 25; Sunni,
24 – 25; ulema, 24; Wahhabism, 26 – 27,
113
Islamic Awakening, 29 – 30, 75
Islamic Jihad (Egyptian terrorist group),
29, 55
Islamism, 3, 27, 29, 58, 113
Israel, 18, 19, 71, 82, 85
Istanbul, Turkey bombings, 98
Jemaah Islamiya (Indonesian terrorist
organization), 98
Jerusalem, 18
Jihadist Salafism, 32
INDEX 151
Ka’ba, 20, 23
Kashmir, 70
Khalifa, Jamal (university friend of
Osama bin Laden), 29, 38
Khan, Mohammed Saddique, 101
Khashoggi, Jamal, 32
Khomeni, Ayatollah Rhollah Musavi, 20
Kuwait, 72, 73; Iraqi invasion, 72
London bombings, 59, 99 – 100
Madrasas, 45
Madrid bombings, 59, 99
Massoud, Ahmad Shah (Afghan insurgent
commander, leader of Northern
Alliance), 43
Middle East, 18, 19, 75, 82
MI5 (British domestic intelligence service),
102
Mohammed, Khalid Sheikh, 87 – 88,
95, 102
Mohammed, the Prophet, 21, 24 – 25,
26, 83
Mosque of Omar (Dome of the Rock), 18
Moussaoui, Zacarias, 111
Mubarak, Hosni (Egyptian President), 55
Mujahedeen, 37, 54, 73, 93, 104, 110
Muslim Brotherhood, 9, 27 – 29, 30, 53, 113
Nairobi, Kenya: U.S. Embassy bombing,
59, 85
Nasser, Gamal Abdul (Egyptian President),
27, 28, 29
New Islamic Discourse. See Islamic
Awakening
9/11 attacks, 87 – 88
9/11 Commission, 87
Northern Alliance, 93 – 94
Obama, Barak (U.S. President), 105 – 7
Omar, Mullah Mohammed (Taliban
leader), 45, 46, 81, 95, 109
Operation Anaconda, 95
Operation Enduring Freedom, 93 – 97
Pakistan, 36, 38, 42, 45, 54, 58, 70, 73,
74, 105, 114; Federally Administered
Tribal Area, 95
Palestine, 19, 82, 93, 95, 99
Palestinians, 18, 19
Pashtun, 44, 45
Qu’ran, 21, 22, 24, 26, 45
Qutb, Mohammed, 9, 13, 29, 110
Qutb, Sayyid, 9, 13, 28 – 29, 110, 113
Rahman, Sheik Omar Abdul (“Blind
Sheik”), 78
Rumsfeld, Donald (U.S. Secretary of
Defense), 96
Sadat, Anwar (Egyptian President):
assassination, 113
Saudi Arabia, 1, 2 – 3, 8, 12, 18, 27,
29 – 30, 47, 52, 70, 71, 73, 79, 82, 93;
Jeddah, 2, 3; Mecca, 2, 23; Medina, 2,
23; Riyadh, 2
Six-Day War, 18, 30
Somalia, 43, 44, 71, 78, 93, 106
South Yemen, 71 – 72
Soviet Union, 69, 70
Sudan, 58, 74, 77, 79, 80, 85; Khartoum,
75
Suez crisis, 18
Tajik, 44
Taliban, 24, 45 – 46, 81, 93, 94, 96
Turabi, Hasan, 74, 76
United Kingdom, 100
United Nations Security Council, 80
United States, 70, 80, 82, 85, 86, 93,
100, 102, 103, 106, 110
U.S. Special Forces Command, 94
USS Cole bombing, 86
Wahhab, Mohammed Ibn Abd al-, 27
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD),
97 – 98
152 INDEX
World Islamic Front, 58, 84
World Trade Center: 9/11 attacks,
87 – 88, 91; 1993 bombing, 78, 91
Yom Kippur War, 19
Yousef, Ramsey, 77 – 78
Yugoslavia, 70
Zarqawi, Abu Musab al-, 114
Zawahiri, Ayman al-, 13, 29, 54, 76 – 77,
83, 100, 112, 113, 114; reaction to
9/11 attacks, 92 – 93
About the Author
THOMAS R. MOCKAITIS is Professor of History at DePaul University
in Chicago, Illinois. He earned his B.A. in History from Allegheny
College and his M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin—
Madison. He has written numerous books and articles on terrorism and
counterinsurgency, most recently The “New” Terrorism: Myths and Reality
(Praeger, 2008) and Iraq and the Challenge of Counterinsurgency (Praeger,
2008). His fi rst book, British Counterinsurgency, 1919–1960 (Macmillan,
1990) won the Templer Medal for the best work on British Military History.
He team-teaches counterterrorism courses around the world for the
Center for Civil-Military Relations of the Naval Postgraduate School.
Dr. Mockaitis is a frequent media commentator on terrorism.
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